混Ⅲ碰撞假人有限元模型的改进及应用

M odification and Application of Hybrid III 5thPercentile Female DummyTANG Liang L ZHOU Qing WANG Qingchun(1.School ofTechnology，Beijing Forestry University，Beijing 100083；2.State Key Lab ofAutomotive Safety and Energy，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084)Abstract：The lower torso assembly ofthe Hybrid III(HIII)crash dummy adopts a one-piece vinyl skin/urethane foam design with ashape resembling the hip and thighs of a seed occupant.Although a ball-and-socket joint is used to connect the femur and the pelvis，the fixed shape flesh design has essentially constrained the rotational freedom of the hip joint.A more human-body-like lower torsodesign is proposed an d used to modify a nonlinear finite element model of HIII dummy.Impact responses of the modified dummymodel are compared with those of the original dummy model under diferent loading conditions in frontal impact.The resultsindicate that the modified dummy model is more hum an-like in its pelvis structure and more suitable for safety analysis of recliningseat.An anti-submarine countermeasure for reclining posture is proposed in the CAE environment.Th e sled test is performed toverify the concept of the anti-submarining counterm easure.The proposed coun term easures Can wel eliminate the submarining underfrontal impact loading of 48 km/h，with which all the other injury param eters require in FMVSS 208 do not exceed their respectivetoleran ce levels。

Key words：Hybrid III cmsh dummy Submarining Reclining seat Crash test0 前言碰撞假人在汽车领域、航空领域以及其他相关的工业领域有着广泛的应用[1-2，主要用于分析乘员的碰撞损伤机理，开发有效的车体结构和乘员约束系统来降低乘员的碰撞损伤 。美国联邦机动车辆·中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(YX2013.03)、北京林业大学新进教师科研启动基金(2010BLX11)和国家自然科学基金(50975156资助项目。20120419收到初稿，20130325收到修改稿安全标准(FMVSS)208规定，正面碰撞试验中必须使用混 II标准碰撞假人来评估乘员的头部、颈部、胸部、腿部的受伤风险以及机动车辆的乘员保护性能7a- 些学者对混 II标准假人的生物力学特性提出质疑[8-10。KLINICH等L8 指出混III假人髋关节内部结构的约束，导致头部和胸部加速度出现不必要的峰值，并对假人的髋关节进行了修改。LEUNG等 旨出碰撞试验中现有的假人比尸体的下潜趋势校COUTURIER等LluJ指出在碰撞试验中混 II假