基于自适应成长原理的板壳结构加强筋分布设计技术

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将自然界分枝系统形态自适应成长机理应用于板壳结构加强筋分布设计中,深入讨论板壳结构加强筋分布设计技术.应用ANSYSAPDL二次开发语言进行编程,使提出的设计原理方便地应用于实际工程设计.整个应用程序包含前处理、优化迭代及后处理三个模块.前处理模块建立设计对象的基结构,基结构由基本板壳结构和初始加强筋组成.基本板壳结构可采用ANSYS中的建模模块创建或直接导入由其他CAE软件建立的几何模型,而初始加强筋由基本板壳结构上的节点连接而成的梁单元构成.优化迭代模块包含＂选种＂、灵敏度分析、分歧/成长/退化等功能.采用变量扰动法,基于ANSYS有限元分析模块计算活动加强筋的近似灵敏度.根据自然界分枝系统形态形成机理进行加强筋的分歧/成长/退化.最后由后处理模块输出设计结果.以若干典型的设计案例说明所提出方法的有效性,并通过与ANSYS的结构拓扑优化设计模块的设计结果比较说明了所提出方法的可行性. The adaptive growth method of stiffener layout on plate structures is inspired from the growth mechanism of the branch systems in nature.This paper studied the implemental techniques of the design method on the platform of the commercial FEA software ANSYS.The APDL language was used to program the growth method,and the approach was comprised of three phases,which were pre-process,optimal iteration,and post-process.In the phase of the pre-process,a ground structure was constructed,which included a basic shell structure and initial baby stiffeners.The basic shell structure can be constructed by the modeling module of ANSYS or imported its geometric model constructed by other CAE software.And the initial baby stiffeners were formed by the nodes of shell elements of the basic shell structure.The optimal iteration included seeding,sensitivity analysis and growth,degeneration,and branching.A variable perturbing method was adopted to calculate the approximate sensitivity based on the FEA module of ANSYS.Finally,the post-process phase outputted the optimal structure.Several typical design examples were given to validate the effectiveness of the method,and their optimality of the designed structures were compared with that obtained from the topology design optimization module of ANSYS.